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Jayaveera, K. N.
- Antianginal Transdermal Drug Delivery System: Formulation and Evaluation
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, M.M.U College of Pharmacy, K.K. Doddi, Ramanagara- 562159. Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, T. John College of Pharmacy, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore- 560083. Karnataka, IN
3 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapuramu, Anantapuramu- 515002, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology, Vol 5, No 6 (2013), Pagination: 320-326Abstract
Lercanidipine Hydrochloride (LH) is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension along with chronic stable angina related to myocardial ischemia characterised by chest discomfort rather than actual pain. The main goal of the treatment of stable angina pectoris is to control symptoms, slow progression of the disease and reduction of major cardiovascular events. In our present investigation an attempt has been made to formulate transdermal drug delivery system of LH to treat angina pectoris. Transdermal films of LH have been formulated by solvent casting technique using three different polymers hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) (blend ratios viz; 0.5:1.5, 1:1 and 1.5:0.5% w/v), of varying degrees of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Propylene glycol (PG 30% w/w) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO 7% w/w) was incorporated as plasticizer and permeation enhancer respectively. The prepared films were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters and ex-vivo drug release through rat abdominal skin using Franz diffusion cell. The patch containing combination of HPMC:PVP shown maximum water vapour transmission rate, % moisture absorption and % moisture loss, which could be attributed to the hydrophilic nature of both the polymers. Ex-vivo data revealed that the released pattern from all the patches followed zero order; moreover it was sustained and extended over a period of 24 hours in all formulations. F7 emerged as the most satisfactory formulation by permeating drug upto 88.94%. Further the best formulation F7 was subjected to skin irritation studies, the results revealed that the F7 has no erythema and oedema.Keywords
Antianginal Drug, DMSO, PVP, HPMC, EC.
- Approaches and Current Trends of Transdermal Drug Delivery System-A Review
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, M.M.U College of Pharmacy, K.K. Doddi, Ramanagara- 562159. Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, T. John College of Pharmacy, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore- 560083. Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Anantapur- 515002, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology, Vol 5, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 177-190Abstract
The human skin is one of the most readily accessible organ/surface of the human body for drug delivery. Skin of an average adult body covers a surface of approximately 2 m2 and receives about one-third of the blood circulating through the body. Today about 74% of drugs taken orally are not effective as desired. Transdermal drug delivery system has emerged as an effective delivery system to improve such characters. Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is the system in which the delivery of the drug occurs by the means of skin and deliver specific dose of the medicine (drug) into the bloodstream over a period of time. This includes high bioavailability, absence of first pass hepatic metabolism effect, steady drug plasma concentration, and the fact that therapy is non-invasive and also reduces dosing frequency.
This review article covers a brief outline of TDDS, its advantages over conventional dosage forms, drug delivery routes across human skin, penetration enhancers, the principles of transdermal permeation, various components of transdermal patch, types of Transdermal patches, approaches of transdermal patch, its application with its limitation with relevant examples, when these are used and when their use should be avoided.